Lahiru Pest Control Treatments

OUR TREATMENT METHODS.

SPACE SPRAYING
(For the control of flying insect pests)

Space sprays provide a potent method for killing adult insects which exhibit a daily period of natural flight activity. Very high levels of insect population are easily and rapidly achieved by this method.

Target insects

Space spray methods are especially effective for control of urban flies and mosquitoes, and can also be used against stable flies, cluster flies, horseflies, midges, sewage flies, stored products moths, tobacco beetles, etc

In enclosed environments, space sprays may also be used for the ‘clean up’ of large crawling insects such as cockroaches.

MODE OF ACTION

Space sprays are generated in the form of an aerosol of insecticide droplets by space spray generator. The aerosol droplets form a discrete swathe of insecticide fog or mist which passes on air currents through the area to be treated, contacting insects as they fly.


	Size of droplets is critical, since if they are too large they will fall rapidly to the ground and pick-up by the target insect is much reduced. Similarly, droplets which are too small will not penetrate the minute aerodynamic air currents surrounding a flying insect, and are consequently not picked up.

HOUSE FLY

	Introduction

	The house fly, musca domestica Linnaeus is a well known pest. This species is always found in association with humans or human activities. House fly is not only a nuisance, but they can also transport diseases causing organism. Excessive fly population is not only an irritant but also a public health problem could occur.

	Life Cycle

Egg	::	The white egg about 1.2 mm in length, is laid singly but eggs are piled in small groups. Each female fly can lay up to 500 eggs in several batches.

Larva	::	Early instars larvae are 3 to 9 mm long, typical creamy whitish in color, cylindrical but tapering toward the head.

Pupa	::	The pupal stage about 8 mm long, is passed in a pupal case formed from the last larval skin which varies in color from yellow, red, brown to black as the pupa ages. The shape of the pupa is quite different from the larva.

Adult	::	The house fly is 6 to 7 mm long with the female usually larger than the male. The female can be distinguished from the male by relatively wide space between the eyes.

Damage	::	Damage related with this insect is the annoyance and the indirect damage produced by the potential transmission of pathogens (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and nematodes) associated with this fly. Pathogenic organisms are picked up by flies from garbage, sewage and other sources of filth, and then transferred on their mouthparts through their vomitus, fesses and contaminated external body parts to human.

Method of treatment


	Selective applications of insecticides

	DETAIL LITERATURE

We are in a position to carry out the required treatment with methodical and scientific way. We have thou roughed the ecological factors relevant to the control treatment. All insects including dry wood termites. Powder post beetles and other wood decaying insects.

We identified the following infestation in the wooden pane lings and ceilings of the Supreme Court Complex.

1.	Powder post beetles (Wood borer-Lyceum burners).
2.	Dry wood termites (Dam wood termites).
3.	Wood decaying infection (Fungus).


	WOOD BORER

Powder post beetles cause extensive damage to wood in the structure of building and to wood products use in homes.

The larvae, or grubs, feed on the stretcher the cellulose in wood. As they feed, they bore irregular tunnels through the wood. Boring left in the tunnels have the consistency of powder.

Powder-post beetles can be controlled by applying an insecticide to the infested wood. How it is applied dependence on the kind of beetles to be controlled and on the extents and locations of the infestation. In some circumstances a spray will suffer in others fumigation is necessary.


	LIFE CYCLE

The adult females lay eggs on or in wood. The eggs hatch into larvae, which develop as they tunnel the wood. The tunneling continues throughout the larval stage, which lasts for months or years, depending on the kind of beetle.

The full-grown larvae transform to pupae, which become adult beetle.

The adults of many kinds of powder post beetles bore circular holes to the surface of the wood and emerge; others, including the old house borer, emerge in early summer. Mating and egg laying follow.

The life cycle of lyctus beetles varies form 3 months to 1 year, depending on the species and on regional differences in temperature, moisture, and availability of wood of high food value.

The life cycle of anobiid beetle is sometimes completed in about 1 year and sometimes in 2 years.

The females lay eggs on in wood that satisfied their egg-laying requirements and the food requirements of the larvae. These requirements differ among the species. Hence different kinds of wood are infested by different species of beetles.

Lyctus beetle infest hardwoods. Cossonid weevils infests softwoods.

Some anobiids, bostrichids, and cerambycids infest hardwoods, and some infests softwoods.

For some species bark is an egg laying requirements; for other it is not.

Some anobiids infest moist wood containing decay organisms, which appear to aid development of the larvae.


	DAMAGE

Powder post beetles damage wood by tunneling and by cutting surface holes.

Tunneling is done by the larvae of all kinds of powder post beetles, and by adult bostrichids and cossonid weevils. The larvae of anobiid beetles leave elongate pellets of excreted wood in their tunnels. Other larvae leave powder like borings. Severely damaged wood becomes a crumbly mass of pallets or of borings, and sometimes has a honeycombed appearance.

Since the insects do most of their tunneling in sapwood, structural damage is rare in large timbers.

Surface holes mar the appearance of wood. Those most commonly seen are made by the adult beetles when they emerge from the wood. Those made by many of the smaller beetles are about 1/8 inch in diameter. They give wood the appearance of having been hit by buckshot, and are called shot holes. Large beetles make holes ¼ to 3/8 inch in diameter.

Emergence holes made by the old house borer are oval. The lengthwise measurements in about ¼ inch.

The larvae of some species, including the lyctus beetles, make holes to the surface of the wood and expel boring through them. The larvae of the old house borer seldom pierce the surface; they pack their borings behind them.


	DETECTION

Aside from observing tunneled wood, there several ways of detecting powder-post beetle damage.

You may see surface holes, or borings that have been ejected from them. The borings may be in piles near the holes or, where timbers overhead are attacked, they may be on the floor below.

You must see adult beetles crawling on the wood.

In quite surroundings you may hear a rasping or ticking sound that is made by tunneling larvae. This is the best way to detect larvae of the old house borer. Their ticking is sometimes audible several feet from where they are working by determining the source of the sound and by probing the wood with a sharp tool, you can locate the tunnels. A further aids is to look for blistered wood.

Sometimes the larvae of cerambycid beetles can be heard working beneath bark on green or partially seasoned wood. They frequently are found in firewood. They resemble the old house borer, but they have different habits and do not infest seasoned wood. When the adults emerge, they seek more green wood to attack. If they cannot escape from the building, they die in a few days.


	DRY WOOD TERMITE

Dry wood termites on the contrary are to live even in fairly dry wood and without contact with ground. These frequently construct nests with in the roof timber & other part of houses, which they destroy if not exterminated.

Dry wood termites are responsible for most of the wooden damage in buildings with wooden panels & ceilings. Dry wood termite activities cause structural weakening damages to the buildings.

Dry wood termites in the contrary may be recognized by their pellets of excreta. None-subterranean termites excrete pellets of partly digested wood. These may found in tunnels or on the floor underneath the member, which they have attacked. These termites may further be noticed by blisters on wood surfaces due to their forming chambers closed to the surface by cutting away the wood & leaving only a thin film of wood on the surface. Also the hollow sound on tapping structural timber or will indicate their destructive activity inside.

Seasoned timber, which is naturally durable in heartwood & treated to withstand the attack of dry wood termites should be used be in the building structures.


	CONTROL METHOD

The best method to control dry wood termites in timber & wooden attachments is Fumigation. Fumigation of wooden attachments in a building is very difficult task in the island as there is no such facility due to excessive cost. Residual spray treatment should be carried out to control dry wood termite infestation buildings with wooden attachments & structures.